The escape of Ashraf Ghani and the return to power of the Taliban in Afghanistan brought the process of developments in this country to a new stage. After one year of the caretaker government of the Taliban, gaining international legitimacy is still the most important challenge of the Taliban leaders, and during this time, the inclusive government has not been formed. The lack of fair distribution of power in the second government of the Taliban and the emphasis of its leaders on the inclusiveness of the current government and the rejection of the leaders of the former government due to cooperation with the United States have caused the recognition of the current government by the countries of the world, even neighboring countries, not to be a priority. Of course, there has been more or less interaction and communication between the neighboring governments and the political leaders of the Taliban. Meanwhile, some understandings have also caused border disputes with neighboring countries. Regarding the border disputes between Iran and the current rulers of Afghanistan, while acknowledging the existence of some border and water disputes, the role of biased arbitration of colonial countries, especially the British, should be mentioned. At the current stage, with the coming of the Taliban to power and the disgraceful exit and defeat of the United States in Afghanistan, many efforts have been made to turn the border disputes between Iran and Afghanistan into border conflicts, and then through Iranophobia in Afghanistan and Afghanophobia and Talibanphobia in Iran, the two countries are practically divided. involved in ethnic-religious war and in another way to implement the constructive chaos project in Afghanistan and its neighboring countries.